Figure 5.

Expression of p21 ^Waf1/Cip1 mRNA in real microgravity provided by parabolic flights in non-stimulated (con) or stimulated (PMA or CD3/CD28) Jurkat T cells or primary CD4⁺ T cells. p21 ^Waf1/Cip1 mRNA expression is demonstrated as ratio between expression in microgravity (μg) and 1 g in fig.5ab. In fig. 5c, p21 ^Waf1/Cip1 mRNA expression is demonstrated as the ratio between expression in microgravity (μg) with a pharmacological inhibitor (VP, CU or AIQ) and without. Three independent experiments were analysed. VP = valproic acid, CU = curcumin, AIQ = 5-aminoisoquinoline. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. Data were analysed by Wilcoxon test. p < 0.1 = *, p < 0.05 = **. In fig 5d, phosphorylation of cdc2 in Jurkat T cells after 20s real microgravity provided by parabolic flight manouvres in non-stimulated (con) or stimulated (PMA or CD3/CD28) cells is shown. PMA or CD3/CD28 was added at the onset of altered gravity. Loading control: corresponding gel stained by Coomassie after blotting. Five independent experiments during different flight days were performed and pooled protein was analysed.